The treaty is seen as the cornerstone of the global non-proliferation regime and an essential basis for the continuation of nuclear disarmament. The aim was to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, to promote the objectives of nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament, and to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. On 1 August 2008, the IAEA approved India`s safeguard agreement[49] and on 6 September 2008, the waiver was granted to India at the meeting of the Nuclear Materials Group (NSG) in Vienna. Austria. The consensus came after the concerns of Austria, Ireland and New Zealand were omitted and is an unprecedented step in the liberation of a country that has not signed the NPT and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). [50] [51] While India could engage in nuclear exchanges with other agreeing countries. [Clarification needed] [52] The U.S. Congress approved the agreement and President Bush signed it on October 8, 2008. [53] There is hope that the last nuclear pact between the United States and Russia can be renewed after Washington has declared its desire to reach an agreement immediately.
Intergovernmental arms control organizations are as follows: `New START allows the contract to be extended for up to five years beyond 2021. Four states – India, Israel, Pakistan and South Sudan – have never signed the treaty. India and Pakistan have publicly announced their nuclear weapons programmes and Israel has long adopted a policy of deliberate ambiguity regarding its nuclear program (see list of nuclear-weapon States). NWF status prohibits any state: 1) the development, detention or control of nuclear weapons in Mongolia; 2. Transporting nuclear weapons to Mongolia; 3. Radioactive material management in Mongolia. The ICJ opinion states that this commitment applies to all parties to the NPT (not just nuclear-weapon States) and does not propose a specific timetable for nuclear disarmament. [18] The Non-Proliferation Treaty is only unequal, as it obliges non-nuclear states to abandon the development of nuclear weapons while allowing established nuclear states to retain their nuclear weapons. Nevertheless, it was accepted because most non-nuclear states had neither the capacity nor the propensity to follow the nuclear path, especially at the time of signing, and they were well aware of the dangers of proliferation to their security. Moreover, in 1968, it was considered that nuclear states, in exchange for their special status, would assist non-nuclear states in developing civil nuclear energy (although the distinction between civilian technology and military nuclear technology was not so simple) and that nuclear states would do their best to agree on disarmament measures.
At the 2005 Conference to Review the Parties to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, this inequality was a major complaint against established nuclear powers. The treaty continues to play an important role in maintaining the international norm against proliferation, but has been challenged by a series of events, including (1) North Korea`s withdrawal from the treaty in 2003, when it was attempting to acquire nuclear weapons, (2) evidence of Iraq`s progress in its nuclear program in the 1980s. although he was a signatory to the treaty. , and (3) allegations of uranium enrichment facilities in Iran, another signatory to the treaty. The credibility of the non-proliferation standard was also compromised by the fact that India and Pakistan were declared nuclear powers in 1998 without serious international sanctions – and in fact, India concluded its own special agreements under a bilateral agreement with the United States in 2008. In January 2011[update], Australia, one of the three largest producers of uranium and home to the world`s largest known reserves, continued its refusal to export uranium to India, despite diplomatic pressure from India. [55] In November 2011, the Australian Prime Minister announced his intention to allow exports to India,[56] a change in policy